Islamic Faith

Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, reported:
One day Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him)
appeared before the public.

Then a man came to him and said: Prophet of Allah,
what is Iman? Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) replied:
That you affirm your faith in Allah, His angels, His
Books, His meeting, His Messengers and that you affirm
your faith in the Resurrection hereafter.

He (again) said: Messenger of Allah, what does Islam
signify? He (the Holy Prophet) replied: Islam
signifies that you worship Allah and do not associate
anything with Him and you perform the prescribed
Prayer and you pay the obligatory poor-rate (Zakah)
and you observe the Fast of Ramadan.

He (the inquirer) again said: Messenger of Allah, what
does Al-Ihsan (Faithfulness) imply? He (the Holy
Prophet) replied: That you worship Allah as if you are
seeing Him, and in case you fail to see Him, then
observe that He is seeing you. He (the inquirer) again
said: Messenger of Allah, when would there be the Hour
of (Doom)? He (the Holy Prophet) replied: The one who
is asked about it is no better informed than the
inquirer. I, however, shall narrate some of its signs
(and these are): When the slave-girl will give birth
to her master, when the naked, barefooted would become
the chiefs of the people; these are some of the signs
of (Doom). (Moreover) when the shepherds of the black
(camels) would exalt themselves in buildings, this is
one of the signs of (Doom). (Doom) is one of the five
(happenings wrapped in the unseen) which no one knows
but Allah. Then he (the Messenger of Allah) (may peace
be upon him) recited (the verse): Verily Allah! with
Him alone is the knowledge of the Hour and it is Him
Who sends down the rain and knows that which is in the
wombs and no person knows whatsoever he shall earn
tomorrow, and a person knows not in whatsoever land he
shall die. Verily Allah is Knowing, Aware He (the
narrator, Abu Hurairah) said: Then the person turned
back and went away. Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) said: Bring that man back to me. They (the
Companions of the Holy Prophet present there) went to
bring him back, but they saw nothing there. Upon this
Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) remarked: He
was Gabriel, who came to teach people their religion

[HR Bukhari-Muslim]

Talhah bin 'Ubaidullah, may Allah be pleased with him,
reported: A person with disheveled hair, one of the
people of Najd, came to Allah's Messenger (may peace
be upon him). We heard the humming of his voice, but
could not fully discern what he had been saying, till
he came nigh to Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him). It was then (disclosed to us) that he was asking
questions pertaining to Islam. Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) said: Five Prayers during the day
and night. (Upon this) he said: Am I obliged to
perform any other (Prayer) besides these? He (the Holy
Prophet) said: No, except that which you observe
voluntarily, out of your own free will; and fasting
the month of Ramadan. The inquirer said: Am I obliged
to fast anything else besides this? He (the Holy
Prophet) said: No, except that which you observe out
of your own free will. And the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) told him about the Zakah
(poor-rate). The inquirer said: Am I obliged to pay
anything else besides this? He (the Holy Prophet)
said: No, except that which you pay voluntarily out of
your own free will. The man turned back and said: I
would neither make any addition to this, nor will I
decrease anything out of it. The Prophet remarked: He
is successful, if he is truthful in what he affirms

[HR Bukhari-Muslim]

Anas bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, said:
We were forbidden to ask Allah's Messenger about
anything (without the genuine need). It, therefore,
pleased us that an intelligent person from the
dwellers of the desert should come and ask him (the
Holy Prophet) and we should listen to it. A man from
the dwellers of the desert came (to the Holy Prophet)
and said: Muhammad, your messenger came to us and told
us that you claim that Allah had sent you (as a
prophet). He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: He told the
truth. He (the Bedouin) said: Who created the heaven?
He (the Holy Prophet) replied: Allah. He (the Bedouin
again) said: Who created the earth? He (the Holy
Prophet) replied: Allah. He (the Bedouin again) said:
Who raised these mountains and who created in them
whatever is created there? He (the Holy Prophet)
replied: Allah. Upon this he (the Bedouin) remarked:
By Him Who created the heaven and created the earth
and raised mountains thereupon, has Allah (in fact) sent you? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. He (the
Bedouin) said: Your messenger also told us that five
Prayers (had been made) obligatory for us during the
day and night. He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: He told
you the truth. He (the Bedouin) said: By Him Who sent
you, is it Allah Who ordered you about this (i.e.
Prayers)? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. He (the
Bedouin) said: Your messenger told us that Zakah had
been made obligatory in our riches. He (the Holy
Prophet) said: He has told the truth. He (the Bedouin)
said: By Him Who sent you (as a prophet), is it Allah
Who ordered you about it (Zakah)? He (the Holy
Prophet) said: Yes. He (the Bedouin) said: Your
messenger told us that it had been made obligatory for
us to fast every year during the month of Ramadan. He
(the Holy Prophet) said: He has told the truth. He
(the Bedouin) said: By Him Who sent you (as aprophet), is it Allah Who ordered you about it (the
fasting of Ramadan)? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes.
He (the Bedouin) said: Your messenger also told us
that Pilgrimage (Hajj) to the House (of Ka'bah) had
been made obligatory for whoever is able to undertake
the journey to it. He (the Holy Prophet) said: He has
told the truth. The narrator said that he (the
Bedouin) set off (at the conclusion of this answer,
but at the time of his departure) remarked: By Him Who
sent you with the Truth, I would neither make any
addition to them nor would I diminish anything out of
them. Upon this the Holy Prophet remarked: If he were
truthful (to what he said) he must enter Paradise

[Bukhari-Muslim]

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